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# Negative Volterra Flows and Mixed Volterra Flows and Their Infinitely Many Conservation Laws

## 1 Introduction

Nonlinear integrable lattice systems have been received considerable attention in recent years. It is well known that discrete lattice systems not only have rich mathematical structures but also have many applications in science, such as mathematical physics, numerical analysis, computer science, statistical physics, quantum physics, and so on. Among the most famous and well studied integrable lattice, the Volterra lattice

$`\dot{u}_n=u_n(u_{n+1}u_{n1})`$ (1.1)
is one of the popular models. The Volterra lattice (1.1) has been studied extensively \[1-6\]. Its Lax pair is presented by

$`E\psi _n=U_n\psi _n,`$
$`{\displaystyle \frac{d\psi _n}{dt}}=V_n\psi _n,`$ (1.2)
where

$`U_n=\left(\begin{array}{cc}\lambda & u_n\\ 1& 0\end{array}\right),V_n=\left(\begin{array}{cc}u_n& \lambda u_n\\ \lambda & u_{n1}\lambda ^2\end{array}\right),`$ (1.7)
Recently, by using zero curvature equation,

$`\dot{U}_n=V_{n+1}U_nU_nV_n,`$ (1.8)
and constructing time evolution matrix $`V_n`$ with negative powers of spectral parameter $`\lambda `$, Pritula and Vekslerchik  proposed the following negative Volterra flows:

$`\tau _{n1}\tau _{n+1}{\displaystyle \frac{}{t_{j+1}}}ln{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n+1}}{\tau _{n1}}}+\tau _n^2{\displaystyle \frac{^2}{t_1t_j}}ln\tau _n=0,j=1,2,\mathrm{}.`$ (1.9)
and

$`\tau _{n1}\tau _{n+1}{\displaystyle \frac{}{t_1}}ln{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n+1}}{\tau _{n1}}}=\tau _n^2.`$ (1.10)
Here $`u_n`$ is presented by tau-function

$`u_n={\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n+1}\tau _{n2}}{\tau _n\tau _{n1}}}`$ (1.11)
Dark-soliton solutions of negative Volterra flows (1.5) and (1.6) are also given . The negative Volterra lattice hierarchy (1.5)-(1.6) is different from the most known integrable lattice hierarchy. We note field-function $`u_n`$ is dependent on discrete space variable $`n`$ and continuum time variable $`t`$. However, in lattice hierarchy (1.5)-(1.6), the property of field function $`u_n`$ at $`t_{j+1}`$ is dependent on its property at $`t_1`$ and $`t_j`$. In fact, evolution equation at different time $`t_j`$ should be independent. In this paper, motived by the idea proposed in , that is by means of constructing proper time evolution matrix $`V_n`$ with negative powers of spectral parameter $`\lambda `$, we derive another negative Volterra flows. We also obtain a mixed Volterra flows which come from positive Volterra flows and negative Volterra flows. It is well known that the existence of infinitely many conservation laws is very important indicator of integrability of the system. From physical view and numerical analysis, it is also very useful to know whether exist conservation laws for a lattice system. Using the explicit matrix Lax representation and following the method studied in \[8-12\], we demonstrate the existence of infinitely many conservation laws for the negative Volterra flows and mixed Volterra flows and also give the corresponding conserved densities and the associated fluxes formulaically.

## 2 Negative Volterra flows related to isospectral problem (1.2)

In order to derive the negative Volterra flows from discrete zero curvature representation (1.4), we should construct opportune time evolution equation,

$`{\displaystyle \frac{d\psi _n}{dt}}=V_n^{(m)}\psi _n.`$ (2.1)
Set

$`V_n^{(m)}=\left(\begin{array}{cc}A^{(m)}(\lambda )& B^{(m)}(\lambda )\\ C^{(m)}(\lambda )& D^{(m)}(\lambda )\end{array}\right)`$ (2.4)
It is easy to get the following equations:

$`B^{(m)}=u_nEC^{(m)},D^{(m)}=E^1A^{(m)}+\lambda C^{(m)}`$ (2.5)
and

$`\lambda (E1)A^{(m)}+u_{n+1}E^2C^{(m)}u_nC^{(m)}=0`$ (2.6)
$`\dot{u}_n=u_n[(EE^1)A^{(m)}+\lambda (E1)C^{(m)}]`$ (2.7)
Let

$`A^{(m)}(\lambda )={\displaystyle \underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{}}}a_{mj}\lambda ^{2j},C^{(m)}(\lambda )={\displaystyle \underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{}}}c_{mj}\lambda ^{2j+1}.`$ (2.8)
From discrete zero curvature equation (1.4), $`a_j,c_j(j=0,1,\mathrm{}.,m1)`$ must satisfy the following equations:

$`(EE^1)a_j+(E1)c_{j1}=0,j=1,2,\mathrm{},m1`$ (2.9)
$`(E1)a_j+u_{n+1}E^2c_ju_nc_j=0,j=1,2,\mathrm{}..,m1`$ (2.10)
$`(EE^1)a_0=0,u_{n+1}E^2c_0u_nc_0=0`$ (2.11)
and we obtain the negative Volterra flows,

$`\dot{u}_n=u_n(E1)c_{m1},m1.`$ (2.12)
When field function $`u_n`$ is presented by tau-function (1.7), equation (2.10) is written as

$`{\displaystyle \frac{}{t}}ln{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n+1}}{\tau _{n1}}}=Ec_{m1},m1.`$ (2.13)
How to determine $`c_j(j=0,1,2,\mathrm{}..)`$? First we choose $`a_0=0`$ or $`a_0=1`$, and we have

$`c_0={\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\tau _{n2}\tau _n}}.`$ (2.14)
Then we can determine $`a_j`$ and $`c_j`$ (j=1,2,….,m-1) from equations (2.7)-(2.8) via the following path:

$$c_0a_1c_1a_2c_2\mathrm{}\mathrm{}\mathrm{}a_{m1}c_{m1}$$

Note that the general solutions of the difference equations

$`(E^1+1)X(n)=F(n),`$ (2.15)
$`(E^21)Y(n)=G(n),`$ (2.16)
can be written as

$`X(n)=c(1)^n+(E^1+1)^1F(n)=c(1)^n+{\displaystyle \underset{k=0}{\overset{\mathrm{}}{}}}(1)^kE^kF(n),`$ (2.17)
$`Y(n)=c+d(1)^n+(E^21)^1G(n)=c+d(1)^n{\displaystyle \underset{k=0}{\overset{\mathrm{}}{}}}E^{2k}G(n),`$ (2.18)
where $`c`$ and $`d`$ are two arbitrary constants. Solving equations (2.7)-(2.8), we have the following results:

$`a_1=(1+E^1)^1c_0={\displaystyle \underset{k=0}{\overset{\mathrm{}}{}}}(1)^{k+1}E^k{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\tau _n\tau _{n2}}},`$ (2.19)
$`c_1={\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\tau _{n2}\tau _n}}[c+d(1)^n{\displaystyle \underset{k=0}{\overset{\mathrm{}}{}}}E^{2k}({\displaystyle \frac{\tau _n^4}{\tau _{n1}^2\tau _{n+1}^2}}+{\displaystyle \frac{2\tau _n^2}{\tau _{n1}\tau _{n+1}}}{\displaystyle \underset{j=0}{\overset{\mathrm{}}{}}}(1)^{j+1}E^j{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\tau _{n2}\tau _n}})],`$ (2.20)
$`a_j={\displaystyle \underset{k=0}{\overset{\mathrm{}}{}}}(1)^{k+1}E^kc_{j1},j=2,3,\mathrm{}..,m1`$ (2.21)
$`c_j={\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\tau _{n2}\tau _n}}(E^21)^1[{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _n^2}{\tau _{n1}\tau _{n+1}}}(1E)a_j],j=2,3,\mathrm{}..,m1`$ (2.22)
The first negative Volterra flow is

$`{\displaystyle \frac{}{t}}ln{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n+1}}{\tau _{n1}}}={\displaystyle \frac{\tau _n^2}{\tau _{n+1}\tau _{n1}}}`$ (2.23)
and the second negative Volterra flow is

$`{\displaystyle \frac{}{t}}ln{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n+1}}{\tau _{n1}}}=Ec_1,`$ (2.24)
where $`c_1`$ is presented by equation (2.18).

## 3 Mixed Volterra flows related to isospectral problem (1.2)

It is well known that positive Volterra flows related to isospectral problem (1.2) can be obtained by the following approach. Set

$`V_n^{(s)}=\left(\begin{array}{cc}G^{(s)}(\lambda )& u_nEH^{(s)}(\lambda )\\ H^{(s)}(\lambda )& E^1G^{(s)}+\lambda H^{(s)}\end{array}\right)`$ (3.3)
where

$`G^{(s)}(\lambda )={\displaystyle \underset{j=0}{\overset{s}{}}}g_{sj}\lambda ^{2j},H^{(s)}(\lambda )={\displaystyle \underset{j=0}{\overset{s}{}}}h_{sj}\lambda ^{2j+1},`$ (3.4)
and $`g_j,h_j(j=0,1,\mathrm{}.,s)`$ are determined by the following equations:

$`(EE^1)g_j+(E1)h_{j+1}=0,j=0,1,2,\mathrm{},s1`$ (3.5)
$`(E1)g_j+u_{n+1}E^2h_ju_nh_j=0,j=0,1,2,\mathrm{}..,s`$ (3.6)
$`(E1)h_0=0,`$ (3.7)
then positive Volterra flows are proposed,

$`\dot{u}_n=u_n(EE^1)g_s,s0`$ (3.8)
Let $`s=0`$, equation (3.6) reduces to the Volterra lattice (1.1). The second positive Volterra flow corresponding to $`s=1`$ is written as

$`\dot{u}_n=u_nu_{n+1}(u_n+u_{n+1}+u_{n+2})u_nu_{n1}(u_n+u_{n1}+u_{n2})`$ (3.9)
Mixing positive and negative Volterra flows (2.10) and (3.6), we obtain the so-called mixed Volterra flows

$`\dot{u}_n=u_n[(E1)c_{m1}+(EE^1)g_s],m1,s0`$ (3.10)
where $`u_n`$ is presented by tau-function (1.7). It is obvious that mixed Volterra flows admit the matrix Lax pairs with $`U_n`$ and $`V_n^{(m,s)}`$, where $`V_n^{(m,s)}`$ possesses form

$`V_n^{(m,s)}=\left(\begin{array}{cc}A^{(m)}+G^{(s)}& u_nE(C^{(m)}+H^{(s)})\\ C^{(m)}+H^{(s)}& E^1(A^{(m)}+G^{(s)})+\lambda (C^{(m)}+H^{(s)})\end{array}\right)`$ (3.13)
Mixed Volterra flows (3.8) can be written in the form:

$`{\displaystyle \frac{}{t}}ln{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n+1}}{\tau _{n1}}}=Ec_{m1}+(E+1)g_s,m1,s0`$ (3.14)
Set $`m=1,s=0`$, we obtain a mixed Volterra lattice equation

$`{\displaystyle \frac{}{t}}ln{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n+1}}{\tau _{n1}}}={\displaystyle \frac{\tau _n^2}{\tau _{n1}\tau _{n+1}}}+{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n+1}\tau _{n2}}{\tau _{n1}\tau _n}}+{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}\tau _{n+2}}{\tau _n\tau _{n+1}}}`$ (3.15)
Set $`m=1,s=1`$, another mixed Volterra lattice equation is given,

$`{\displaystyle \frac{}{t}}ln{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n+1}}{\tau _{n1}}}={\displaystyle \frac{\tau _n^2}{\tau _{n1}\tau _{n+1}}}+{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n+1}\tau _{n2}}{\tau _{n1}\tau _n}}({\displaystyle \frac{\tau _n\tau _{n3}}{\tau _{n2}\tau _{n1}}}+{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n+1}\tau _{n2}}{\tau _{n1}\tau _n}}+{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n+2}\tau _{n1}}{\tau _n\tau _{n+1}}})`$
$`+{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}\tau _{n+2}}{\tau _n\tau _{n+1}}}({\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n2}\tau _{n+1}}{\tau _n\tau _{n1}}}+{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}\tau _{n+2}}{\tau _n\tau _{n+1}}}+{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _n\tau _{n+3}}{\tau _{n+1}\tau _{n+2}}})`$ (3.16)
## 4 Infinitely many conservation laws for negative Volterra flows (2.11) and mixed Volterra flows (3.10)

For a lattice equation

$`F(\dot{q}_n,\ddot{q}_n,\mathrm{},q_{n1},q_n,q_{n+1},\mathrm{})=0,`$ (4.1)
if there exist functions $`\rho _n`$ and $`J_n`$, such that

$$\dot{\rho }_n|_{F=0}=J_nJ_{n+1},$$
(4.2)
then equation (4.2) is called the conservation law of equation (4.1), where $`\rho _n`$ is the conserved density and $`J_n`$ is the associated flux. Suppose equation (4.1) has conservation law (4.2) and $`J_n`$ is bounded for all $`n`$ and vanishes at the boundaries, then $`_n\rho _n=c`$ with $`c`$ being arbitrary constant is an integral of motion of lattice equation (4.1). In this section, we first demonstrate the existence of infinitely many conservation laws for lattice hierarchy related to isospectral problem (1.2) by means of the explicit matrix Lax representation, and then we derive infinitely many conservation laws for negative Volterra lattice hierarchy and mixed Volterra lattice hierarchy in details and give the corresponding conserved densities and the associated fluxes formulaically.
4.1 Infinitely many conservation laws for lattice hierarchy associated with isospectral problem (1.2)
It is obvious that isospectral problem (1.2) is equivalent to

$`\psi _{2,n+1}=\lambda \psi _{2,n}u_{n1}\psi _{2,n1}.`$ (4.3)
Let $`\mathrm{\Gamma }_n=\frac{\psi _{2,n1}}{\psi _{2,n}}`$ and note that

$`{\displaystyle \frac{(\psi _{2,n+1}\psi _{2,n}^1)_t}{\psi _{2,n+1}\psi _{2,n}^1}}={\displaystyle \frac{(\psi _{2,n+1})_t}{\psi _{2,n+1}}}{\displaystyle \frac{(\psi _{2,n})_t}{\psi _{2,n}}},`$ (4.4)
then we obtain

$`{\displaystyle \frac{}{t}}[\mathrm{ln}(\lambda u_{n1}\mathrm{\Gamma }_n)]=Q_{n+1}Q_n,`$ (4.5)
where

$`Q_n={\displaystyle \frac{(\psi _{2,n})_t}{\psi _{2,n}}}=V_{21}^{(m)}(u_{n1}\mathrm{\Gamma }_n\lambda )+V_{22}^{(m)}.`$ (4.6)
It follows from (4.3) that

$$u_{n1}\mathrm{\Gamma }_n\mathrm{\Gamma }_{n+1}\lambda \mathrm{\Gamma }_{n+1}+1=0.$$
(4.7)
(4.7) is a discrete Ricatti type equation, which can be given a series solution. Suppose the eigenfunction $`\psi _2(n,t,\lambda )`$ is the analytical function of the arguments and expand $`\mathrm{\Gamma }_n`$ with respect to $`\lambda `$ by the Taylor series

$`\mathrm{\Gamma }_n={\displaystyle \underset{j=1}{\overset{\mathrm{}}{}}}\lambda ^jw_n^{(j)},`$ (4.8)
and substituting eq. (4.8) into eq. (4.7), we obtain $`w_n^{(j)}`$ recursively,

$`w_n^{(1)}=1,w_n^{(2j)}=0,w_n^{(2j+1)}=u_{n2}{\displaystyle \underset{l+s=2j}{}}w_{n1}^{(l)}w_n^{(s)},j=1,2,3,\mathrm{}..`$ (4.9)
It follows that

$`w_n^{(3)}=u_{n2},w_n^{(5)}=u_{n2}(u_{n2}+u_{n3}),`$ (4.10)
$$\mathrm{}\mathrm{}\mathrm{}\mathrm{}\mathrm{}.$$

From eq. (4.5) we have

$`{\displaystyle \frac{}{t}}{\displaystyle \underset{k=1}{\overset{\mathrm{}}{}}}{\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{\Phi }^k}{k}}=Q_nQ_{n+1},`$ (4.11)
where

$`\mathrm{\Phi }=\lambda ^1u_{n1}\mathrm{\Gamma }_n={\displaystyle \underset{j=1}{\overset{\mathrm{}}{}}}\lambda ^{2j}u_{n1}w_n^{(2j1)}`$ (4.12)
It follows from eq. (4.11) that

$`{\displaystyle \frac{}{t}}{\displaystyle \underset{j=1}{\overset{\mathrm{}}{}}}\lambda ^{2j}\rho _n^{(j)}=Q_nQ_{n+1},`$ (4.13)
where

$`\rho _n^{(j)}=v_{2j1}+{\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}}{\displaystyle \underset{l_1+l_2=2j2}{}}v_{l_1}v_{l_2}+{\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}}{\displaystyle \underset{l_1+l_2+l_3=2j3}{}}v_{l_1}v_{l_2}v_{l_3}+\mathrm{}..+`$
$`{\displaystyle \frac{1}{j2}}{\displaystyle \underset{l_1+l_2+\mathrm{}+l_{j2}=2jj+2}{}}v_{l_1}v_{l_2}\mathrm{}.v_{l_{j2}}+v_1^{j2}v_3+{\displaystyle \frac{1}{j}}v_1^j.`$ (4.14)
with

$`v_j=u_{n1}w_n^{(j)}`$ (4.15)
Making a comparison of the powers of $`\lambda `$ on both sides of eq. (4.13), we obtain infinitely many conservation laws for lattice hierarchy related to isospectral problem (1.2),

$`\rho _{n,t}^{(j)}=J_n^{(2j1)}J_{n+1}^{(2j1)},j=1,2,3,\mathrm{}\mathrm{}`$ (4.16)
4.2 Infinitely many conservation laws for negative Volterra flows and mixed Volterra flows
For negative Volterra lattice hierarchy (2.11), note that

$`Q_n=E^1A^{(m)}+u_{n1}C^{(m)}\mathrm{\Gamma }_n,`$ (4.17)
we obtain its infinitely many conservation laws, where the associated fluxes $`J_n^{(j)}`$ are written as

$`J_n^{(j)}=E^1a_{mj}+u_{n1}{\displaystyle \underset{i=0}{\overset{j1}{}}}c_{mj+i}w_n^{(2i+1)},j=1,2,\mathrm{}..,m`$
$`J_n^{(j)}=u_{n1}{\displaystyle \underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{}}}c_{mi}w_n^{(2j2i+1)},j=m+1,m+2,\mathrm{}\mathrm{}.`$ (4.18)
For mixed Volterra lattice hierarchy (3.10), note that

$`Q_n=E^1(A^{(m)}+G^{(s)})+u_{n1}(C^{(m)}+H^{(s)})\mathrm{\Gamma }_n.`$ (4.19)
Further we have

$`Q_n={\displaystyle \underset{j=1}{\overset{\mathrm{}}{}}}q_j\lambda ^{2j}`$ (4.20)
where

$`q_j=E^1a_{mj}+u_{n1}({\displaystyle \underset{i=0}{\overset{j1}{}}}c_{mj+i}w_n^{(2i+1)}+{\displaystyle \underset{i=0}{\overset{s}{}}}h_{si}w_n^{(2j+2i+1)}),j=1,2,\mathrm{}.,m`$
$`q_{m+j}=u_{n1}({\displaystyle \underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{}}}c_{mi}w_n^{(2m+2j2i+1)}+{\displaystyle \underset{i=0}{\overset{s}{}}}h_{si}w_n^{(2m+2j+2i+1)}),j=1,2,3,\mathrm{}.`$ (4.21)
We thus obtain infinitely many conservation laws for mixed Volterra lattice hierarchy, where the associated fluxes $`J_n^{(j)}`$ are presented by $`q_j`$.
Example 1. For the first negative Volterra flow (2.21), continuous time evolution equation is

$`{\displaystyle \frac{d\psi _n(\lambda )}{dt}}=V_n^{(1)}\psi _n(\lambda ),V_n^{(1)}=\left(\begin{array}{cc}0& \frac{\tau _{n2}\tau _n}{\lambda \tau _{n1}^2}\\ \frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\lambda \tau _{n2}\tau _n}& \frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\tau _{n2}\tau _n}\end{array}\right)`$ (4.24)
Note that

$`Q_n={\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\lambda \tau _{n2}\tau _n}}({\displaystyle \frac{\tau _n\tau _{n3}}{\tau _{n1}\tau _{n2}}}\mathrm{\Gamma }_n\lambda )+{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\tau _{n2}\tau _n}}={\displaystyle \underset{j=1}{\overset{\mathrm{}}{}}}J_n^{(2j1)}\lambda ^{2j},`$ (4.25)
where

$`J_n^{(2j1)}={\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}\tau _{n3}}{\tau _{n2}^2}}w_n^{(2j1)},j=1,2,\mathrm{}..`$ (4.26)
So, the conserved densities $`\rho _n^{(j)}`$(j=1,2,3,….) and the associated flux $`J_n^{(2j1)}`$ (j=1,2,….) for flow (2.21) are given, where $`J_n^{(2j1)}`$ is presented by equation (4.24).
Example 2. For the mixed Volterra lattice equation (3.11), continuous time evolution equation is

$`{\displaystyle \frac{d\psi _n(\lambda )}{dt}}=V_n^{(1,0)}\psi _n(\lambda ),V_n^{(1,0)}=\left(\begin{array}{cc}\frac{\tau _{n+1}\tau _{n2}}{\tau _n\tau _{n1}}& \frac{\lambda \tau _{n+1}\tau _{n2}}{\tau _n\tau _{n1}}\frac{\tau _{n2}\tau _n}{\lambda \tau _{n1}^2}\\ \frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\lambda \tau _{n2}\tau _n}\lambda & \frac{\tau _n\tau _{n3}}{\tau _{n1}\tau _{n2}}+\frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\tau _{n2}\tau _n}\lambda ^2\end{array}\right)`$ (4.29)
Note that

$`Q_n=({\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\lambda \tau _{n2}\tau _n}}\lambda )({\displaystyle \frac{\tau _n\tau _{n3}}{\tau _{n1}\tau _{n2}}}\mathrm{\Gamma }_n\lambda )+{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _n\tau _{n3}}{\tau _{n1}\tau _{n2}}}+{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\tau _{n2}\tau _n}}\lambda ^2={\displaystyle \underset{j=1}{\overset{\mathrm{}}{}}}J_n^{(2j1)}\lambda ^{2j},`$ (4.30)
where

$`J_n^{(2j1)}={\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}\tau _{n3}}{\tau _{n2}^2}}w_n^{(2j1)}{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _n\tau _{n3}}{\tau _{n2}\tau _{n1}}}w_n^{(2j+1)},j=1,2,\mathrm{}..`$ (4.31)
Therefore, the conserved densities $`\rho _n^{(j)}`$ and the associated flux $`J_n^{(2j1)}`$ (j=1,2,….) for eq. (3.11) are given, where $`J_n^{(2j1)}`$ is presented by equation (4.27).
Example 3. For the second negative Volterra flow (2.22), the associated continuous time evolution equation is written as

$`{\displaystyle \frac{d\psi _n(\lambda )}{dt}}=V_n^{(2)}\psi _n(\lambda ),V_n^{(2)}=\left(\begin{array}{cc}\frac{a_1}{\lambda ^2}& \frac{\tau _{n+1}\tau _{n2}}{\tau _n\tau _{n1}}(\frac{Ec_1}{\lambda }+\frac{\tau _n^2}{\lambda ^3\tau _{n1}\tau _{n+1}})\\ \frac{c_1}{\lambda }+\frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\lambda ^3\tau _{n2}\tau _n}& c_1+\frac{E^1a_1}{\lambda ^2}+\frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\lambda ^2\tau _{n2}\tau _n}\end{array}\right)`$ (4.34)
where $`a_1`$ and $`c_1`$ are presented by equations (2.17) and (2.18). Note that

$`Q_n=({\displaystyle \frac{c_1}{\lambda }}+{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\lambda ^3\tau _{n2}\tau _n}})({\displaystyle \frac{\tau _n\tau _{n3}}{\tau _{n1}\tau _{n2}}}\mathrm{\Gamma }_n\lambda )+c_1+{\displaystyle \frac{E^1a_1}{\lambda ^2}}+{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}^2}{\lambda ^2\tau _{n2}\tau _n}}={\displaystyle \underset{j=1}{\overset{\mathrm{}}{}}}J_n^{(2j1)}\lambda ^{2j},`$ (4.35)
where

$`J_n^{(1)}=E^1a_1+{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _n\tau _{n3}}{\tau _{n1}\tau _{n2}}}c_1,`$
$`J_n^{(2j1)}={\displaystyle \frac{\tau _n\tau _{n3}}{\tau _{n2}\tau _{n1}}}w_n^{(2j1)}c_1+{\displaystyle \frac{\tau _{n1}\tau _{n3}}{\tau _{n2}^2}}w_n^{(2j3)},j=2,3,\mathrm{}\mathrm{}`$ (4.36)
We thus obtain the conserved densities $`\rho _n^{(j)}`$(j=1,2,3,….) and the associated flux $`J_n^{(2j1)}`$ (j=1,2,….) for eq. (2.22), where $`J_n^{(2j1)}`$ is given by equation (4.30).

## 5 Conclusions

The purpose of this article is to derive negative Volterra flows and mixed Volterra flows and their infinitely many conservation laws. By means of constructing opportune time evolution equations with negative powers of spectral parameter or with positive and negative powers of spectral parameter, and using discrete zero curvature representation, the negative Volterra flows and the mixed Volterra flows are proposed. Their Lax pairs are given. As well known, the existence of infinitely many conservation laws for the lattice hierarchy is very important. In the present paper, by means of the matrix Lax representation, we demonstrate the existence of infinitely many conservation laws for the proposed negative Volterra flows and mixed Volterra flows and give the corresponding conserved densities and the associated fluxes formulaically. Thus their integrability is confirmed. Though the physical applications for the two lattice hierarchies has not been found, the property of them proposed in the paper is interesting. Acknowledgments
The authors are indebted to Professor Xing-Biao Hu for the invaluable discussions. The project sponsored by SRF for ROCS,SEM and Hong Kong RGC grant HKBU2065/01P.