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# On some universal algebras associated to the category of Lie bialgebras

## 1. Main results

### 1.1. Results on $`\mathrm{Quant}(𝕂)`$

Let $`𝕂`$ be a field of characteristic zero. In , we introduced the group $`𝒢_0(𝕂)`$ of all universal automorphisms of the adjoint representations of $`𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]`$-Lie bialgebras.

Let us recall the definition of $`𝒢_0(𝕂)`$ more explicitly. Let $`\mathrm{}`$ be a formal variable and let $`\mathrm{LBA}_{\mathrm{}}`$ be the category of Lie bialgebras over $`𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]`$, which are topologically free $`𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]`$-modules. An element of $`𝒢_0(𝕂)`$ is a functorial assignment $`(𝔞,[,],\delta _𝔞)\rho _𝔞`$, where for each object $`(𝔞,[,],\delta _𝔞)`$ of $`\mathrm{LBA}_{\mathrm{}}`$, $`\rho _𝔞`$ is an element of $`\mathrm{End}_{𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]}(𝔞)`$, such that $`(\rho _𝔞`$ mod $`\mathrm{})=\mathrm{id}_𝔞`$, $`\rho _𝔞^{}=(\rho _𝔞)^t`$, and for any $`x,y`$ in $`𝔞`$, $`[\rho _𝔞(x),y]=\rho _𝔞([x,y])`$, and $`\rho _𝔞`$ is given by a composition of tensor products of the bracket and cobracket of $`𝔞`$, this composition being the same for all Lie bialgebras (we express the latter condition by saying that $`𝔞\rho _𝔞`$ is universal).

View $`1+\mathrm{}𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]`$ as a multiplicative subgroup of $`𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]^\times `$. There is a unique map $`\alpha :1+\mathrm{}𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]𝒢_0(𝕂)`$, such that for any Lie bialgebra $`𝔞`$, $`(\alpha (\lambda ))_𝔞=\lambda \mathrm{id}_𝔞`$. This map makes $`1+\mathrm{}𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]`$ a subgroup of $`𝒢_0(𝕂)`$.

We will show

###### Theorem 1.1.

$`𝒢_0(𝕂)`$ is equal to its subgroup $`1+\mathrm{}𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]`$.

In , we defined $`\mathrm{Quant}(𝕂)`$ as the set of all isomorphism classes of universal quantization functors of Lie bialgebras, compatible with duals and doubles. If we denote by $`\mathrm{LBA}`$ and $`\mathrm{QUE}`$ the categories of Lie bialgebras and of quantized universal enveloping algebras over $`𝕂`$, and by $`\mathrm{class}:\mathrm{QUE}\mathrm{LBA}`$ the semiclassical limit functor, then a universal quantization functor of Lie bialgebras, compatible with duals and doubles, is a functor $`Q:\mathrm{LBA}\mathrm{QUE}`$, such that

1) $`\mathrm{class}Q`$ is isomorphic to the identity;

2) (universality) there exists an isomorphism of functors between $`𝔞Q(𝔞)`$ and $`𝔞U(𝔞)[[\mathrm{}]]`$ (these are viewed as functors from $`\mathrm{LBA}`$ to the category of $`𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]`$-modules) with the following properties: if we compose this isomorphism with the symmetrisation map $`U(𝔞)[[\mathrm{}]]S(𝔞)[[\mathrm{}]]`$, and if we transport the operations of $`Q(𝔞)`$ on $`S(𝔞)[[\mathrm{}]]`$, then the expansion in $`\mathrm{}`$ of these operations yields maps $`S^i(𝔞)S^j(𝔞)S^k(𝔞)`$ and $`S^i(𝔞)S^j(𝔞)S^k(𝔞)`$; we require that these maps be compositions of tensor products of the bracket and cobracket of $`𝔞`$, these compositions being independent of $`𝔞`$ (see )

3) if $`Q^{}`$ (resp., $`D(Q)`$) denotes the QUE-dual (resp., Drinfeld double) of an object $`Q`$ of $`\mathrm{QUE}`$, and $`D(𝔞)`$ denotes the double Lie bialgebra of an object $`𝔞`$ of $`\mathrm{LBA}`$, then there are canonical isomorphisms $`Q(𝔞^{})Q(𝔞)^{}`$ and $`Q(D(𝔞))D(Q(𝔞))`$; moreover, the universal $`R`$-matrix of $`D(Q(𝔞))`$ should be functorial (see ).

In , we also introduced an explicit set $`(𝕂)`$ of equivalence classes of families of Lie polynomials, satisfying associativity relations, and we constructed a canonical injection of $`(𝕂)`$ in $`\mathrm{Quant}(𝕂)`$. Moreover, we constructed an action of $`𝒢_0(𝕂)`$ on $`\mathrm{Quant}(𝕂)`$ and showed that the map

$$𝒢_0(𝕂)\times (𝕂)\mathrm{Quant}(𝕂)$$

given by the composition $`𝒢_0(𝕂)\times (𝕂)𝒢_0(𝕂)\times \mathrm{Quant}(𝕂)\mathrm{Quant}(𝕂)`$ (in which the second map is the action map of $`𝒢_0(𝕂)`$ on $`\mathrm{Quant}(𝕂)`$) is a bijection. Theorem 1.1 therefore implies

###### Corollary 1.1.

If $`𝔞=(𝔞,[,],\delta _𝔞)`$ is an object of $`\mathrm{LBA}`$ and $`\lambda (1+\mathrm{}𝕂[[\mathrm{}]])`$, let $`𝔞_\lambda `$ be the object of $`\mathrm{LBA}_{\mathrm{}}`$ isomorphic to $`(𝔞,[,],\lambda \delta )`$. The group $`1+\mathrm{}𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]`$ acts freely on $`\mathrm{Quant}(𝕂)`$ by the rule $`(\lambda ,Q)Q_\lambda `$, where $`Q_\lambda `$ is the functor $`𝔞\widehat{Q}(𝔞_\lambda )`$ and $`\widehat{Q}`$ is the natural extension of $`Q`$ to a functor from $`\mathrm{LBA}_{\mathrm{}}`$ to $`\mathrm{QUE}`$. Then the map

$$\left(1+\mathrm{}𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]\right)\times (𝕂)\mathrm{Quant}(𝕂)$$

given by the composition $`\left(1+\mathrm{}𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]\right)\times (𝕂)\left(1+\mathrm{}𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]\right)\times \mathrm{Quant}(𝕂)\mathrm{Quant}(𝕂)`$ is a bijection.

Therefore $`\mathrm{Quant}(𝕂)`$ is ‘as close as it can be’ to $`(𝕂)`$.

### 1.2. Universal (co)derivations of Lie bialgebras

Let $`𝒟`$ (resp., $`𝒞`$) be the space of all universal derivations (resp., coderivations) of Lie bialgebras. More explicitly, $`𝒟`$ (resp., $`𝒞`$) is the linear space of all functorial assignments $`𝔞\lambda _𝔞`$, where for each object $`𝔞`$ of $`\mathrm{LBA}`$, $`\lambda _𝔞`$ belongs to $`\mathrm{End}(𝔞)`$, is universal in the above sense, and is a derivation (resp., coderivation) of the Lie algebra structure of $`𝔞`$. It is well-known that if $`[,]_𝔞`$ and $`\delta _𝔞`$ are the bracket and cobracket maps of $`𝔞`$, then $`[,]_𝔞\delta _𝔞`$ is a derivation of $`𝔞`$; e.g., if $`𝔞`$ is finite-dimensional, if $`_{iI}a_ib_i`$ is the canonical element of $`𝔞𝔞^{}`$ and if we set $`u=_{iI}[a_i,b_i]`$, then we have the identity $`([,]_𝔞\delta _𝔞)(x)=[u,x]`$ in the double Lie algebra of $`𝔞`$; and since $`[,]_𝔞^{}\delta _𝔞^{}`$ is a derivation of $`𝔞^{}`$, its transpose $`[,]_𝔞\delta _𝔞`$ is a coderivation of $`𝔞`$. Then

###### Theorem 1.2.

$`𝒟`$ and $`𝒞`$ both coincide with the one-dimensional vector space spanned by the assignment $`𝔞[,]_𝔞\delta _𝔞`$.

If $`V`$ is a vector space, we denote by $`F(V)`$ the free Lie algebra generated by $`V`$. Then the assignment $`𝔠F(𝔠)`$ is a functor from the category $`\mathrm{LCA}`$ of Lie coalgebras to $`\mathrm{LBA}`$. The proof of Theorem 1.2 implies the following analogous statement for the subcategory of $`\mathrm{LBA}`$ of free Lie algebras of Lie coalgebras.

###### Proposition 1.1.

Let $`𝔠\lambda _𝔠`$ be a functorial assignment, where for each object $`𝔠`$ of $`\mathrm{LCA}`$, $`\lambda _𝔠`$ is a both a derivation and a coderivation of $`F(𝔠)`$. Then there exists a scalar $`\lambda `$, such that for any object $`𝔠`$ of $`\mathrm{LBA}`$, $`\lambda _𝔠=\lambda [,]_{F(𝔠)}\delta _{F(𝔠)}`$.

### 1.3. Isotropy of the action of $`𝒢(𝕂)`$ on $`(𝕂)`$

We record here the definition of $`(𝕂)`$. Let $`(𝕂)`$ be the set of families $`(B_{pq})_{p,q0}`$, such that for each $`p,q`$, $`B_{pq}`$ belongs to $`FL_{p+q}[[\mathrm{}]]`$, $`B_{10}(x)=B_{01}(x)=x`$, $`B_{p0}=B_{0p}`$ if $`p1`$, $`B_{11}(x,y)=[x,y]`$, and for any integers $`p,q,r`$, the identity

$`{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha >0}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{(p_\beta )_{\beta =1,\mathrm{},\alpha }\mathrm{Part}_\alpha (p),(q_\beta )_{\beta =1,\mathrm{},\alpha }\mathrm{Part}_\alpha (q)}{}}B_{\alpha r}(B_{p_1q_1}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_{p_1}|y_1,\mathrm{},y_{q_1})\mathrm{}`$
$`\mathrm{}B_{p_\alpha q_\alpha }(x_{_{\beta =1}^{\alpha 1}p_\beta +1},\mathrm{},x_p|y_{_{\beta =1}^{\alpha 1}q_\beta +1},\mathrm{},y_q)|z_1,\mathrm{},z_r)`$
$`={\displaystyle \underset{\alpha >0}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{(q_\beta )_{\beta =1,\mathrm{},\alpha }\mathrm{Part}_\alpha (q),(r_\beta )_{\beta =1,\mathrm{},\alpha }\mathrm{Part}_\alpha (r)}{}}B_{p\alpha }(x_1,\mathrm{},x_p|`$
$`B_{q_1r_1}(y_1,\mathrm{},y_{q_1}|z_1,\mathrm{},z_{r_1})\mathrm{}B_{q_\alpha r_\alpha }(y_{_{\beta =1}^{\alpha 1}q_\beta +1},\mathrm{},y_q|z_{_{\beta =1}^{\alpha 1}r_\beta +1},\mathrm{},z_r))`$
holds; here $`FL_n`$ is the multilinear part of the free Lie algebra over $`𝕂`$ with $`n`$ generators, and $`\mathrm{Part}_\alpha (n)`$ is the set of $`\alpha `$-partitions of $`n`$, i.e. the set of families $`(n_1,\mathrm{},n_\alpha )`$ of positive integers such that $`n_1+\mathrm{}+n_\alpha =n`$. Define $`𝒢(𝕂)`$ as the subset of $`_{n1}FL_n[[\mathrm{}]]`$ of families $`(P_n)_{n1}`$, such that $`P_1(x)=x`$. Then we are going to define a group structure on $`𝒢(𝕂)`$, and an action of $`𝒢(𝕂)`$ on $`(𝕂)`$; $`(𝕂)`$ is the quotient set $`(𝕂)/𝒢(𝕂)`$.

Recall first that if $`(𝔠,\delta _𝔠)`$ is a Lie coalgebra and $`B(𝕂)`$, then there is a unique Hopf algebra structure on the completed tensor algebra $`T(𝔠)[[\mathrm{}]]`$ with coproduct $`\mathrm{\Delta }_B^𝔠:T(𝔠)[[\mathrm{}]]T(𝔠)^2[[\mathrm{}]]`$ defined by

$$\mathrm{\Delta }_B^𝔠(x)=x1+1x+\underset{p,q|p+q1}{}\mathrm{}^{p+q1}\alpha _{pq}(\delta _𝔠^{(B_{pq})}(x))$$

for any $`x𝔠`$, where for any $`P`$ in $`FL_n[[\mathrm{}]]`$, $`\delta _𝔠^{(P)}`$ is the map from $`𝔠`$ to $`𝔠^n`$ dual to the map from $`(𝔠^{})^n`$ to $`𝔠^{}`$ defined by $`P`$ (when $`𝔠`$ is finite-dimensional), and $`\alpha _{pq}`$ is the map from $`𝔠^{p+q}[[\mathrm{}]]`$ to $`T(𝔠)T(𝔠)[[\mathrm{}]]`$ sending $`x_1\mathrm{}x_{p+q}`$ to $`(x_1\mathrm{}x_p)(x_{p+1}\mathrm{}x_{p+q})`$.

If $`P=(P_n)_{n1}`$ belongs to $`𝒢(𝕂)`$, and $`(𝔠,\delta _𝔠)`$ is a Lie coalgebra, define $`i_P^𝔠`$ as the unique automorphism of $`T(𝔠)[[\mathrm{}]]`$, such that for any $`x`$ in $`𝔠`$, we have

$$i_P^𝔠(x)=x+\underset{n2}{}\mathrm{}^{n1}\delta _𝔠^{(P_n)}(x).$$

Then the product $`:𝒢(𝕂)\times 𝒢(𝕂)𝒢(𝕂)`$ and the operation $`:𝒢(𝕂)\times (𝕂)(𝕂)`$ are uniquely determined by the conditions that for any Lie coalgebra $`(𝔠,\delta _𝔠)`$, and any $`P,Q`$ in $`𝒢(𝕂)`$ and any $`B`$ in $`(𝕂)`$, we have

$$i_{PQ}^𝔠=i_P^𝔠i_Q^𝔠\mathrm{and}\mathrm{\Delta }_{PB}^𝔠=(i_P^𝔠i_P^𝔠)\mathrm{\Delta }_B^𝔠(i_P^𝔠)^1.$$

Then one checks that for any $`B`$ in $`(𝕂)`$, there exists a unique family $`(S_n)_{n2}`$, where $`S_nFL_n[[\mathrm{}]]`$, such that for any Lie coalgebra $`(𝔠,\delta _𝔠)`$, the antipode $`S_B^𝔠`$ of the bialgebra $`(T(𝔠)[[\mathrm{}]],m_0,\mathrm{\Delta }_B^𝔠)`$ is such that for any $`x𝔠`$,

$$S_B^𝔠(x)=x+\underset{n|n2}{}\mathrm{}^{n1}\delta ^{(S_n)}(x)$$

($`m_0`$ is the multiplication map in $`T(𝔠)[[\mathrm{}]]`$). It follows that there is a unique family $`(\stackrel{~}{S}_n)_{n2}`$, where $`\stackrel{~}{S}_nFL_n[[\mathrm{}]]`$, such that

$$(S_B^𝔠)^2(x)=x+\underset{n|n2}{}\mathrm{}^{n1}\delta ^{(\stackrel{~}{S}_n)}(x)$$

for any $`x𝔠`$. Let us set $`\stackrel{~}{S}_1(x)=x`$ and set $`S_B^2=(\stackrel{~}{S}_n)_{n1}`$. Then $`S_B^2`$ is an element of $`𝒢(𝕂)`$. Moreover, $`𝒢(𝕂)`$ is a pro-unipotent group. It follows that one can define the logarithm $`\mathrm{log}(S_B^2)`$ of $`S_B^2`$, and the corresponding one-parameter subgroup $`\mathrm{exp}(𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]\mathrm{log}(S_B^2))`$.

Since for any Lie coalgebra $`(𝔠,\delta _𝔠)`$, we have $`((S_B^C)^2(S_B^𝔠)^2)\mathrm{\Delta }_B^𝔠=\mathrm{\Delta }_B^𝔠(S_B^𝔠)^2`$, we also have $`S_B^2B=B`$. It follows that for any element $`g`$ of $`\mathrm{exp}(𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]\mathrm{log}(S_B^2))`$, we have $`gB=B`$, so $`\mathrm{exp}(𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]\mathrm{log}(S_B^2))`$ is contained in the isotropy group of $`B`$.

###### Proposition 1.2.

For any $`B`$ in $`(𝕂)`$, the isotropy group of $`B`$ for the action of $`𝒢(𝕂)`$ on $`(𝕂)`$ is equal to $`\mathrm{exp}(𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]\mathrm{log}(S_B^2))`$.

## 2. Proof of Theorem 1.1

Let us define $``$ as the set of all universal $`𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]`$-module endomorphisms of Lie bialgebras. More explicitly, an element $``$ is a functorial assignment $`(𝔞,[,],\delta _𝔞)ϵ_𝔞\mathrm{End}_{𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]}(𝔞)`$, where $`𝔞`$ is an object of $`\mathrm{LBA}_{\mathrm{}}`$ and the universality requirement means that $`ϵ_𝔞`$ is given by a composition of tensor products of the bracket and cobracket of $`𝔞`$, this composition being the same for all Lie bialgebras. Then $``$ is a $`𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]`$-module, and $`𝒢_0(𝕂)`$ is a subset of $``$. We will first give a description of $``$ is terms of multilinear parts of free Lie algebras (Proposition 2.1). Then a computation in free algebras will prove Theorem 1.1.

### 2.1. Description of $``$

Define $`FL_n`$ as the multilinear part in each generator of the free Lie algebra over $`𝕂`$ with $`n`$ generators. Let $`𝔖_n`$ act diagonally on $`FL_nFL_n`$ by simultaneous permutation of the generators $`x_1,\mathrm{},x_n`$ and $`y_1,\mathrm{},y_n`$ of each factor.

We define a linear map $`p(𝔞i(p)_𝔞)`$ from $`\widehat{}_{n|n1}(FL_nFL_n)_{𝔖_n}[[\mathrm{}]]`$ to $``$ as follows.

If $`Q`$ is an element of $`FL_n`$, which we write $`Q=_{\sigma 𝔖_n}Q_\sigma x_{\sigma (1)}\mathrm{}x_{\sigma (n)}`$, then we set

$$\delta _𝔞^{(Q)}(x)=\frac{1}{n}\underset{\sigma 𝔖_n}{}Q_\sigma \left((\mathrm{id}_𝔞^{n1}\delta _𝔞)\mathrm{}\delta _𝔞(x)\right)^{(\sigma (1)\mathrm{}\sigma (n))}$$

for any $`x𝔞`$.

If $`p=_\alpha P_\alpha Q_\alpha `$ is an element of $`FL_nFL_n`$, define $`i(p)_𝔞`$ as the endomorphism of $`𝔞`$ such that

(1)
$$i(p)_𝔞(x)=\underset{\alpha }{}P_\alpha (\delta ^{(Q_\alpha )}(x))$$

for any $`x𝔞`$. This maps factors through a linear map $`pi(p)_𝔞`$ from $`(FL_nFL_n)_{𝔖_n}`$ to $`\mathrm{End}_{𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]}(𝔞)`$, and induces a linear map $`p\widehat{i}(p)_𝔞`$ from $`\widehat{}_{n|n1}(FL_nFL_n)_{𝔖_n}[[\mathrm{}]]`$ to $`\mathrm{End}_{𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]}(𝔞)`$ (here $`\widehat{}`$ is the $`\mathrm{}`$-adically completed direct sum).

Then if $`𝔞`$ is finite-dimensional over $`𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]`$, and if we express the canonical element of $`𝔞𝔞^{}`$ as $`_{iI}a_ib_i`$, then

$$i(p)_𝔞(x)=\underset{\alpha }{}\underset{i_1,\mathrm{},i_nI}{}x,Q_\alpha (b_{i_1},\mathrm{},b_{i_n})P_\alpha (a_{i_1},\mathrm{},a_{i_n}).$$

###### Proposition 2.1.

The linear map $`\widehat{i}`$ from $`\widehat{}_{n|n1}(FL_nFL_n)_{𝔖_n}[[\mathrm{}]]`$ to $``$ defined by $`p(𝔞\widehat{i}(p)_𝔞)`$ is a linear isomorphism.

Proof. If $`n`$ and $`m`$ are $`1`$, define $`_{n,m}`$ as the vector space of all universal linear homomorphisms from $`𝔞^n`$ to $`𝔞^m`$ (‘universal’ again means that these homomorphisms are compositions of tensor products of the bracket and cobracket map, this composition being the same for each $`𝔞`$). Then $``$ is just $`_{1,1}`$. The direct sum $`\widehat{}_{n,m|n,m1}_{n,m}`$ may be defined formally as the smallest $`\mathrm{}`$-adically complete vector subspace of the space of all functorial assignments $`𝔞\rho _𝔞\widehat{}_{n,m|n,m1}\mathrm{Hom}_{𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]}(𝔞^n,𝔞^m)`$, containing the assignments $`𝔞\mathrm{id}_𝔞\mathrm{Hom}_{𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]}(𝔞,𝔞)`$, the bracket and the cobracket operations, stable under the external tensor products operations $`\mathrm{Hom}_{𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]}(𝔞^n,𝔞^m)\mathrm{Hom}_{𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]}(𝔞^n^{},𝔞^m^{})\mathrm{Hom}_{𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]}(𝔞^{n+n^{}},𝔞^{m+m^{}})`$, under the natural actions of the symmetric groups $`𝔖_n`$ and $`𝔖_m`$ on $`\mathrm{Hom}_{𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]}(𝔞^n,𝔞^m)`$, and under the composition operation.

Define $`_{n,m}^{finite}`$ and $`^{finite}`$ as the analogues of $`_{n,m}`$ and $``$, where the category of Lie bialgebras is replaced by the category of finite-dimensional (over $`𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]`$) $`𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]`$-Lie bialgebras. Then restriction to this subcategory of $`\mathrm{LBA}_{\mathrm{}}`$ induces linear maps $`_{n,m}_{n,m}^{finite}`$ and $`\widehat{}_{n,m|n,m1}_{n,m}\widehat{}_{n,m|n,m1}_{n,m}^{finite}`$.

Let us define $`F^{(n,m)}`$ as follows

$`F^{(n,m)}=`$
$`{\displaystyle \underset{(p_{ij})^{\{1,\mathrm{},n\}\times \{1,\mathrm{},p\}}}{}}\left({\displaystyle \underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{}}}FL_{_{j=1}^mp_{ij}}{\displaystyle \underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{}}}FL_{_{i=1}^np_{ij}}\right)_{_{(i,j)\{1,\mathrm{},n\}\times \{1,\mathrm{},m\}}𝔖_{p_{ij}}};`$
the generators of the $`i`$th factor of the first tensor product are $`x_\alpha ^{(ij)}`$, $`j=1,\mathrm{},m`$, $`\alpha =1,\mathrm{},p_{ij}`$, and the generators of the $`j`$th factor of the second tensor product are $`y_\alpha ^{(ij)}`$, $`i=1,\mathrm{},n`$, $`\alpha =1,\mathrm{},p_{ij}`$; the group $`𝔖_{p_{ij}}`$ acts by simultaneously permuting the generators $`x_\alpha ^{(ij)}`$ and $`y_\alpha ^{(ij)}`$, $`\alpha \{1,\mathrm{},p_{ij}\}`$.

Then there is a unique linear map $`i_{n,m}:F^{(n,m)}_{m,n}^{finite}`$, such that if

$`p=`$
$`{\displaystyle \underset{\lambda }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{}}}P_i^\lambda (x_\alpha ^{(ij)};j=1,\mathrm{},m;\alpha =1,\mathrm{},p_{ij}){\displaystyle \underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{}}}Q_j^\lambda (y_\alpha ^{(ij)};i=1,\mathrm{},n;\alpha =1,\mathrm{},p_{ij}),`$
and $`x_1,\mathrm{},x_m`$ belong to a Lie bialgebra $`𝔞`$, then

(2) $`(i_{n,m}(p))_𝔞(x_1\mathrm{}x_m)=`$
$`{\displaystyle \underset{\lambda }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{i_1^{(11)}I,\mathrm{},i_{p_{nm}}^{(nm)}I}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{}}}x_j,Q_j^\lambda (b(i_\alpha ^{(ij)});i=1,\mathrm{},n:\alpha =1,\mathrm{},p_{ij})`$
$`{\displaystyle \underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{}}}P_i^\lambda (a(i_\alpha ^{(ij)});j=1,\mathrm{},m;\alpha =1,\mathrm{},p_{ij}).`$
Here we write the canonical element of $`𝔞𝔞^{}`$ in the form $`_{iI}a(i)b(i)`$. Formula (2) has an obvious generalization when $`𝔞`$ is an arbitrary Lie bialgebra. This means that $`i_{n,m}`$ factors through a map (also denoted $`i_{n,m}`$) from $`F^{(n,m)}`$ to $`_{m,n}`$; this map induces linear maps $`\widehat{i}_{n,m}:F^{(n,m)}[[\mathrm{}]]_{n,m}`$ and $`\widehat{}_{n,m|n,m1}\widehat{i}_{n,m}:\widehat{}_{n,m|n,m1}F^{(n,m)}[[\mathrm{}]]\widehat{}_{n,m|n,m1}_{n,m}`$.

Let us show that $`\widehat{}_{n,m|n,m1}\widehat{i}_{n,m}`$ is surjective. For this, let us study $`\widehat{}_{n,m1}\mathrm{Im}(\widehat{i}_{n,m})`$. This is a subspace of the space of all functorial assignments

$$𝔞\rho _𝔞\widehat{}_{n,m|n,m1}\mathrm{Hom}_{𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]}(𝔞^n,𝔞^m).$$

Let us show that it shares all the properties of $`_{n,m|n,m0}_{n,m}`$. The identity is the image of the element $`x_1^{(11)}y_1^{(11)}`$ of $`F^{(1,1)}`$, the bracket is the image of the element $`[x_1^{(11)},x_1^{(12)}]y_1^{(11)}y_1^{(12)}`$ of $`F^{(1,2)}`$, and the cobracket is the image of the element $`x_1^{(11)}x_1^{(21)}[y_1^{(11)},y_1^{(21)}]`$ of $`F^{(2,1)}`$. The fact that $`\widehat{}_{n,m0}\mathrm{Im}(\widehat{i}_{n,m})`$ is stable under the composition follows from the following Lemma.

###### Lemma 2.1.

Let $`P`$ and $`Q`$ be Lie polynomials in $`FL_n`$ and $`FL_m`$ respectively. Then there exist an element $`p=_{\underset{¯}{p}^{\{1,\mathrm{},n\}\times \{1,\mathrm{},m\}}}_\lambda (_{i=1}^nP_i^{\underset{¯}{p},\lambda })(_{j=1}^mQ_j^{\underset{¯}{p},\lambda })`$ of $`F^{(n,m)}`$, such that if $`𝔞`$ is any finite-dimensional Lie bialgebra over $`𝕂`$, and $`_{iI}a(i)b(i)`$ is the canonical element of $`𝔞𝔞^{}`$, then

$`{\displaystyle \underset{i_1,\mathrm{},j_mI}{}}Q(a(j_1),\mathrm{},a(j_m)),P(b(i_1),\mathrm{},b(i_n))(_{\alpha =1}^na(i_\alpha ))(_{\beta =1}^mb(j_\beta ))`$
$`={\displaystyle \underset{\underset{¯}{p}^{\{1,\mathrm{},n\}\times \{1,\mathrm{},m\}}}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\lambda }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{i_1^{(11)}I,\mathrm{},i_{p_{nm}}^{(nm)}I}{}}({\displaystyle \underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{}}}P_i^{\underset{¯}{p},\lambda }(a(i_\alpha ^{(ij)});j=1,\mathrm{},m;\alpha =1,\mathrm{},p_{ij}))`$
$`({\displaystyle \underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{}}}Q_j^{\underset{¯}{p},\lambda }(b(i_\alpha ^{(ij)});i=1,\mathrm{},n;\alpha =1,\mathrm{},p_{ij})).`$
Proof of Lemma. We may assume that $`P`$ and $`Q`$ have the form $`P(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n)=[x_1,[x_2,\mathrm{},x_n]]`$ and $`Q(y_1,\mathrm{},y_m)=[y_1,[y_2,\mathrm{},y_m]]`$. Then the invariance of the canonical bilinear form in $`D(𝔞)`$ and the fact that $`_{iI}a(i)b(i)`$ satisfies the classical Yang-Baxter identity in $`D(𝔞)`$ imply the following formula. If $`\alpha `$ is an integer and $`\underset{¯}{k}=(k_1,\mathrm{},k_\alpha )`$ is a sequence of integers such that $`1k_1<\mathrm{}<k_\alpha <m`$, let $`\underset{¯}{k}^{}=(k_1^{},\mathrm{},k_m^{})`$ be the sequence such that $`k_i^{}=k_i`$ for $`i=1,\mathrm{},\alpha `$, $`(k_i^{})_{i>\alpha }`$ is decreasing and $`\{k_1^{},\mathrm{},k_m^{}\}=\{1,\mathrm{},m\}`$. Then

$`{\displaystyle \underset{i_1,\mathrm{},j_mI}{}}[a(j_1),[a(j_2),\mathrm{},a(j_m)]],[b(i_1),[b(i_2),\mathrm{},b(i_n)]]`$
$`a(i_1)\mathrm{}a(i_n)b(j_1)\mathrm{}b(j_m)`$
$`={\displaystyle \underset{\alpha =1}{\overset{m1}{}}}{\displaystyle \underset{k_1,\mathrm{},k_\alpha |1k_1<\mathrm{}<k_\alpha <m}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{s=0}{\overset{m\alpha }{}}}\kappa (s){\displaystyle \underset{i_1,\mathrm{},j_mI}{}}`$
$`[a(j_{k_m^{}}),\mathrm{},[a(j_{k_{\alpha +s+2}^{}}),a(j_{k_{\alpha +s+1}^{}})]],[b(i_2),[b(i_3),\mathrm{},b(i_n)]]`$
$`[a(j_{k_1^{}}),\mathrm{}[a(j_{k_{\alpha +s}^{}}),a(i_1)]]a(i_2)\mathrm{}a(i_m)`$
$`b(j_1)\mathrm{}[b(j_{k_{\alpha +s}^{}+1}),b(i_1)]\mathrm{}b(j_m),`$
where $`\kappa (0)=1`$ and $`\kappa (s)=(1)^s`$ if $`s0`$. The Lemma then follows by induction on $`n`$ and $`m`$. ∎

End of proof of Proposition. The other properties of $`\widehat{}_{n,m|n,m0}_{n,m}`$ are obviously shared by $`\widehat{}_{n,m0}\mathrm{Im}(\widehat{i}_{n,m})`$. So $`\widehat{}_{n,m0}\mathrm{Im}(\widehat{i}_{n,m})`$ is contained in $`\widehat{}_{n,m|n,m0}_{n,m}`$ and shares all its properties; since $`\widehat{}_{n,m|n,m0}_{n,m}`$ is the smallest vector subspace of the space of functorial assignments $`𝔞\rho _𝔞\widehat{}_{n,m|n,m1}\mathrm{Hom}_{𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]}(𝔞^n,𝔞^m)`$ with these properties, we obtain $`\widehat{}_{n,m|n,m1}\mathrm{Im}(\widehat{i}_{n,m})=\widehat{}_{n,m|n,m1}_{n,m}`$. This proves that $`\widehat{}_{n,m|n,m1}\widehat{i}_{n,m}`$ is surjective. Since $`\widehat{i}=\widehat{i}_{1,1}`$, this implies that $`\widehat{i}`$ is surjective.

Let us now show that the map $`\widehat{i}`$ is injective. Let $`(p_n)_{n1}`$ be a family such that $`p_n(FL_nFL_n)_{𝔖_n}[[\mathrm{}]]`$ and $`\widehat{i}(_{n|n1}p_n)=0`$. Then if $`𝔞`$ is any Lie bialgebra, then $`_{n|n1}\widehat{i}(p_n)_𝔞=0`$.

If $`V`$ is any vector space, let us denote by $`F(V)`$ the free Lie algebra generated by $`V`$. If $`(𝔠,\delta _𝔠)`$ is a Lie coalgebra, then the map $`𝔠^2F(𝔠)`$ defined as the composition of $`𝔠^2𝔠^2F(𝔠)`$ of the cobracket map of $`𝔠`$ with the canonical inclusion extends to a unique cocycle map $`\delta _{F(𝔠)}:F(𝔠)^2F(𝔠)`$. Then $`(F(𝔠),[,],\delta _{F(𝔠)})`$ is a Lie bialgebra. The assignment $`𝔠F(𝔠)`$ is a functor from the category $`\mathrm{LCA}`$ of Lie coalgebras to $`\mathrm{LBA}`$. Then if $`(𝔠,\delta _𝔠)`$ is any Lie coalgebra, we have

(3)
$$\underset{n|n1}{}\widehat{i}(p_n)_{F(𝔠)}=0.$$

Define $`FA_n`$ as the multilinear part of the free algebra with generators $`x_1,\mathrm{},x_n`$. Then $`𝔖_n`$ acts on $`FA_nFL_n`$ by simultaneously permuting the generators $`x_1,\mathrm{},x_n`$ of $`FA_n`$ and $`y_1,\mathrm{},y_n`$ of $`FL_n`$. The injection $`FL_nFA_n`$ induces a linear map $`(FL_nFL_n)_{𝔖_n}(FA_nFL_n)_{𝔖_n}`$; since $`𝔖_n`$ is finite, this linear map is an injection. Moreover, the map $`FL_n(FA_nFL_n)_{𝔖_n}`$, sending $`P`$ to the class of $`x_1\mathrm{}x_nP(y_1,\mathrm{},y_n)`$, is a linear isomorphism.

For each $`n`$, define $`\overline{p}_n`$ as the element of $`FL_n`$ such that the equality

$$p_n=x_1\mathrm{}x_n\overline{p}_n(y_1,\mathrm{},y_n)$$

holds in $`(FA_nFL_n)_{𝔖_n}[[\mathrm{}]]`$.

The restriction of $`\widehat{i}(p_n)_{F(𝔠)}`$ to $`𝔠F(𝔠)`$ is a linear map $`\widehat{i}(p_n)_{F(𝔠)|𝔠}`$ from $`𝔠`$ to $`F(𝔠)[[\mathrm{}]]`$. The image of this map is actually contained in the degree $`n`$ part $`F(𝔠)_n[[\mathrm{}]]`$ of $`F(𝔠)[[\mathrm{}]]`$. The space $`F(𝔠)_n`$ is a vector subspace of $`𝔠^n`$. Moreover, formula (1) shows that the composition of $`\widehat{i}(p_n)_{F(𝔠)|𝔠}`$ with the canonical inclusion $`F(𝔠)_n[[\mathrm{}]]𝔠^n[[\mathrm{}]]`$ coincides with $`\delta ^{(\overline{p}_n)}`$. So if $`(𝔠,\delta _𝔠)`$ is any Lie coalgebra, the map $`_{n|n0}\delta ^{(\overline{p}_n)}:𝔠_{n|n0}𝔠^n[[\mathrm{}]]`$ is zero. Now the linear map $`FL_n\{`$functorial assignments $`𝔠\tau _𝔠\mathrm{Hom}(𝔠,𝔠^n)`$, where $`𝔠`$ is an object of $`\mathrm{LCA}\}`$ defined by $`P\delta ^{(P)}`$, is injective. This implies that each $`\overline{p}_n`$ is zero. So $`\widehat{i}`$ is injective.

This ends the proof of Proposition 2.1. ∎

###### Remark 1.

More generally, one may show that $`_{n,m}`$ is isomorphic to $`F^{(m,n)}`$.

###### Remark 2.

It would be interesting to understand 1) the algebra structure of $`F^{(1,1)}`$ provided by the isomorphism of Proposition 2.1 and 2) the algebra structure of $`_{n,m|n,m1}F^{(n,m)}`$ provided by Remark 1. As we noted before, the latter algebra is also equipped with natural operations of the symmetric groups $`𝔖_n`$ and $`𝔖_m`$ on each component $`F^{(n,m)}`$, and external product maps $`F^{(n,m)}F^{(n^{},m^{})}F^{(n+n^{},m+m^{})}`$.

### 2.2. Proof of Theorem 1.1

Let $`(𝔞\rho _𝔞)`$ belong to $`𝒢_0(𝕂)`$. Recall that this means that $`(𝔞\rho _𝔞)`$ belongs to $``$, in particular, $`\rho _𝔞`$ belongs to $`\mathrm{End}_{𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]}(𝔞)`$ for any object $`𝔞`$ of $`\mathrm{LBA}_{\mathrm{}}`$. The condition that $`(𝔞\rho _𝔞)`$ belongs to $`𝒢_0(𝕂)`$ implies that $`\rho _𝔞`$ satisfies the identity $`\rho _𝔞([x,y])=[\rho _𝔞(x),y]`$ for any $`x,y`$ in $`𝔞`$. Let $`p`$ be the preimage of $`\rho _𝔞`$ by the map $`\widehat{i}`$. Then there is a unique sequence $`(p_n)_{n1}`$, where $`p_n`$ belongs to $`(FL_nFL_n)_{𝔖_n}[[\mathrm{}]]`$, such that $`p=_{n|n1}p_n`$. Then if we set $`p_n=_\alpha P_\alpha ^{(n)}Q_\alpha ^{(n)}`$, and if $`𝔞`$ is finite-dimensional, and $`_{iI}a(i)b(i)`$ is the canonical element of $`𝔞𝔞^{}`$, then we have

$$\rho _𝔞(x)=\underset{n|n1}{}\underset{i_1,\mathrm{},i_nI}{}x,Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(b(i_1),\mathrm{},b(i_n))P_\alpha ^{(n)}(a(i_1),\mathrm{},a(i_n)).$$

Then

$$\rho _𝔞([x,y])=\underset{n|n1}{}\underset{i_1,\mathrm{},i_nI}{}[x,y],Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(b(i_1),\mathrm{},b(i_n))P_\alpha ^{(n)}(a(i_1),\mathrm{},a(i_n)).$$

###### Lemma 2.2.

If $`\xi `$ belongs to $`𝔞^{}`$, $`[_{iI}a(i)b(i),\xi 1+1\xi ]`$ belongs to $`𝔞^{}𝔞_{}`$, and we have

$$[x,y],\xi =xy,[\underset{iI}{}a(i)b(i),\xi 1+1\xi ].$$

Proof of Lemma. The first statement follows from the fact that $`_ia(i)b(i)+b(i)a(i)`$ is $`D(𝔞)`$-invariant.

Let us prove the second statement. The invariance of the bilinear form of $`D(𝔞)`$ implies that $`[x,y],\xi `$ is equal to $`x,[y,\xi ]`$. This is equal to $`_{iI}[a(i),\xi ]b(i),xy`$. Since $`𝔞`$ is an isotropic subspace of $`D(𝔞)`$, this is the same as

$$\underset{iI}{}[a(i),\xi ]b(i)+a(i)[b(i),\xi ],xy.$$

So we get

(4) $`\rho _𝔞([x,y])={\displaystyle \underset{n|n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{i_1,\mathrm{},i_nI}{}}`$
$`xy,{\displaystyle \underset{i}{}}[a(i),Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(b(i_1),\mathrm{},b(i_n))]b(i)+a(i)[b(i),Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(b(i_1),\mathrm{},b(i_n))]`$
$`P_\alpha ^{(n)}(a(i_1),\mathrm{},a(i_n)).`$
On the other hand, we have

$$[\rho _𝔞(x),y]=\underset{n|n0}{}\underset{i_1,\mathrm{},i_nI}{}x,Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(b(i_1),\mathrm{},b(i_n))[P_\alpha ^{(n)}(a(i_1),\mathrm{},a(i_n)),y]$$

so

(5) $`[\rho _𝔞(x),y]=`$
$`{\displaystyle \underset{n|n0}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{i_1,\mathrm{},i_nI}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{iI}{}}xy,Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(b(i_1),\mathrm{},b(i_n))b(i)[P_\alpha ^{(n)}(a(i_1),\mathrm{},a(i_n)),a(i)].`$
Comparing (4) and (5), and using the first part of Lemma 2.2, we get

(6) $`{\displaystyle \underset{n|n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{i_1,\mathrm{},i_n,iI}{}}[P_\alpha ^{(n)}(a(i_1),\mathrm{},a(i_n)),a(i)]Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(b(i_1),\mathrm{},b(i_n))b(i)`$
$`={\displaystyle \underset{n|n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{i_1,\mathrm{},i_n,iI}{}}P_\alpha ^{(n)}(a(i_1),\mathrm{},a(i_n))a(i)[b(i),Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(b(i_1),\mathrm{},b(i_n))]`$
$`+P_\alpha ^{(n)}(a(i_1),\mathrm{},a(i_n))[a(i),Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(b(i_1),\mathrm{},b(i_n))]b(i).`$
In fact, it is easy to see that the identity

(7) $`{\displaystyle \underset{n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}[P_\alpha ^{(n)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n),x]Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(y_1,\mathrm{},y_n)y`$
$`={\displaystyle \underset{n|n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}P_\alpha ^{(n)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n)x[y,Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(y_1,\mathrm{},y_n)]`$
$`+P_\alpha ^{(n)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n)[x,Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(y_1,\mathrm{},y_n)]y`$
holds in $`F^{(abb)}`$ (in the notation of ), which is the ‘Lie part’ of a universal algebra for solutions of the classical Yang-Baxter equation (CYBE). Equation (6) is then a consequence of (7).

Applying the Lie bracket to the two last tensor factors of (6), we obtain

(8) $`{\displaystyle \underset{n|n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{i_1,\mathrm{},i_n,iI}{}}[P_\alpha ^{(n)}(a(i_1),\mathrm{},a(i_n)),a(i)][Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(b(i_1),\mathrm{},b(i_n)),b(i)]`$
$`={\displaystyle \underset{n|n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{i_1,\mathrm{},i_n,iI}{}}P_\alpha ^{(n)}(a(i_1),\mathrm{},a(i_n))[[a(i),b(i)],Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(b(i_1),\mathrm{},b(i_n))].`$
Since $`_{iI}a(i)b(i)`$ satisfies CYBE, we have

$$\underset{jI}{}a(j)[\underset{iI}{}[a(i),b(i)],b(j)]=\underset{i,jI}{}[a(i),a(j)][b(i),b(j)].$$

So identity (8) is rewritten as

(9) $`{\displaystyle \underset{n|n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{i_1,\mathrm{},i_n,iI}{}}[P_\alpha ^{(n)}(a(i_1),\mathrm{},a(i_n)),a(i)][Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(b(i_1),\mathrm{},b(i_n)),b(i)]`$
$`={\displaystyle \underset{n|n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{k=1}{\overset{n}{}}}{\displaystyle \underset{i_1,\mathrm{},i_n,iI}{}}P_\alpha ^{(n)}(a(i_1),\mathrm{},[a(i),a(i_k)],\mathrm{},a(i_n))`$
$`Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(b(i_1),\mathrm{},[b(i),b(i_k)]\mathrm{},b(i_n)).`$
On the other hand, one easily derives from (7) the identity

(10) $`{\displaystyle \underset{n|n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}[P_\alpha ^{(n)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n),x][Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(y_1,\mathrm{},y_n),y]`$
$`={\displaystyle \underset{n|n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{k=1}{\overset{n}{}}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}P_\alpha ^{(n)}(x_1,\mathrm{},[x,x_k],\mathrm{},x_n)Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(y_1,\mathrm{},[y,y_k]\mathrm{},y_n)`$
valid in $`F^{(1,1)}`$; this identity is the universal version of (9). Separating homogeneous components, we get for each $`n1`$

(11) $`{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}[P_\alpha ^{(n)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n),x][Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(y_1,\mathrm{},y_n),y]`$
$`={\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{k=1}{\overset{n}{}}}P_\alpha ^{(n)}(x_1,\mathrm{},[x,x_k],\mathrm{},x_n)Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(y_1,\mathrm{},[y,y_k]\mathrm{},y_n).`$
For each $`n1`$, let $`R_n`$ be the element of $`FL_n[[\mathrm{}]]`$ such that the identity $`R_n(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n)y_1\mathrm{}y_n=_\alpha P_\alpha ^{(n)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n)Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(y_1,\mathrm{},y_n)`$ holds in $`(FL_nFA_n)_{𝔖_n}[[\mathrm{}]]`$. Then (11) implies that $`R_n`$ satisfies identity

(12)
$$[R_n(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n),x_{n+1}][R_n(x_2,\mathrm{},x_{n+1}),x_1]=2\underset{k=1}{\overset{n}{}}R_n(x_1,\mathrm{},[x_k,x_{k+1}],\mathrm{},x_{n+1})$$

in $`FL_{n+1}[[\mathrm{}]]`$.

There are unique elements $`R_n^{(i)}`$ of $`FA_{n1}[[\mathrm{}]]`$ ($`i=1,\mathrm{},n`$), such that

$$R_n(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n)=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{}}x_iR_n^{(i)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_{i1},x_{i+1},\mathrm{},x_n).$$

Let us view (12) as an identity in $`FA_n[[\mathrm{}]]`$, and let us project it on $`_{\sigma |\sigma 𝔖_n,\sigma (1)=1}`$ $`𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]x_{\sigma (1)}\mathrm{}x_{\sigma (n)}`$ parallel to $`_{\sigma |\sigma 𝔖_n,\sigma (1)1}𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]x_{\sigma (1)}\mathrm{}x_{\sigma (n)}`$. This means that we select in this identity the terms ‘starting with $`x_1`$’. This yields

(13) $`R_n^{(1)}(x_2,\mathrm{},x_n)x_{n+1}+R_n(x_2,\mathrm{},x_{n+1})`$
$`=2x_2R_n^{(1)}(x_3,\mathrm{},x_{n+1})+2{\displaystyle \underset{i=2}{\overset{n}{}}}R_n^{(1)}(x_2,\mathrm{},[x_i,x_{i+1}],\mathrm{},x_{n+1}).`$
This is an equality in $`FA_n[[\mathrm{}]]`$. Let us denote by $`𝒜_n`$ the free $`𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]`$-algebra with generators $`x_2,\mathrm{},x_{n+1}`$, and by $`_n`$ the free Lie algebra with the same generators. Then $`FA_n[[\mathrm{}]]𝒜_n`$, and $`𝒜_n`$ is the universal enveloping algebra $`U(_n)`$ of $`_n`$. This structure of an enveloping algebra defines a filtration on $`𝒜_n`$. An element of $`𝒜_n`$ has degree $`\beta `$ for this filtration iff it can be expressed as a polynomial of degree $`\beta `$ in elements of $`_n`$.

Let $`\alpha `$ be the degree of $`R_n^{(1)}`$ for the analogous filtration of $`𝒜_{n1}`$. Let us assume that $`\alpha >0`$. Then $`R_n^{(1)}(x_2,\mathrm{},x_n)x_{n+1}`$ and $`x_2R_n^{(1)}(x_3,\mathrm{},x_{n+1})`$ both have degree $`\alpha +1`$ in $`𝒜_n`$; $`R_n^{(1)}(x_2,\mathrm{},[x_i,x_{i+1}],\mathrm{},x_{n+1})`$ has degree $`\alpha `$ in $`𝒜_n`$; and $`R_n(x_2,\mathrm{},x_{n+1})`$ has degree $`1`$ (its degree is $`1`$, but if this degree is zero, then $`R_n`$ vanishes identically).

Let $`\overline{R}_n^{(1)}`$ be the image of $`R_n^{(1)}`$ in the associated graded of $`𝒜_n`$, which is the symmetric algebra $`S(FL_n)[[\mathrm{}]]`$ of $`FL_n`$. Then (13) implies the identity

(14)
$$\overline{R}_n^{(1)}(x_2,\mathrm{},x_n)x_{n+1}=2x_2\overline{R}_n^{(1)}(x_3,\mathrm{},x_{n+1})$$

in $`S(_n)[[\mathrm{}]]`$. Recall that in this identity, $`\overline{R}_n^{(1)}(y_1,\mathrm{},y_{n1})`$ is a polynomial in variables $`P_{k,\alpha }(y_{i_1},\mathrm{},y_{i_k})`$, where $`k`$ runs over $`1,\mathrm{},n1`$, $`i_1,\mathrm{},i_k`$ runs over all sequences of integers such that $`1i_1<\mathrm{}<i_kn1`$, and $`P_{k,\alpha }`$ runs over a basis of $`FL_k`$, so it is a polynomial in $`_{k=1}^{n1}\left(\begin{array}{c}n1\\ k\end{array}\right)(k1)!`$ variables. Moreover, if $`(\delta _1,\mathrm{},\delta _{n1})`$ is the canonical basis of $`^n`$, and we say that the variables $`P_{k,\alpha }(y_{i_1},\mathrm{},y_{i_k})`$ have multidegree $`\delta _{i_1}+\mathrm{}+\delta _{i_k}`$, then $`\overline{R}_n^{(1)}`$ is homogeneous of multidegree $`\delta _1+\mathrm{}+\delta _{n1}`$.

Equation (14) implies that $`x_2`$ divides $`\overline{R}_n^{(1)}(x_2,\mathrm{},x_n)`$; if we set

$$\overline{R}_n^{(1)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_{n1})=x_1R_n^{(1)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_{n1}),$$

where $`R_n^{(1)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_{n1})`$ belongs to $`S(_n)`$, then $`R_n^{(1)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_{n1})`$ is homogeneous of multidegree $`\delta _2+\mathrm{}+\delta _{n1}`$. So $`R_n^{(1)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_{n1})`$ actually belongs to $`S(_{n1})`$, and may be written $`S_n^{(1)}(x_2,\mathrm{},x_{n1})`$. We have then

$$S_n^{(1)}(x_3,\mathrm{},x_n)x_{n+1}=2x_3S_n^{(1)}(x_4,\mathrm{},x_{n+1});$$

this equation is the same as (14), where the number of variables is decreased by $`1`$. Repeating the reasoning above, we find $`\overline{R}_n^{(1)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_{n1})=\lambda x_1\mathrm{}x_{n1}`$, where $`\lambda `$ is scalar. Then equation (14) implies that $`\lambda =0`$. This is a contradiction with $`\alpha >0`$.

Therefore $`\alpha =0`$, which means that $`R_n^{(1)}`$ is scalar. The only cases when a scalar belongs to $`FA_{n1}[[\mathrm{}]]`$ is $`n=1`$, or this scalar is zero. We have therefore shown that if $`n>1`$, then $`R_n^{(1)}`$ is zero. Equation (13) then implies that $`R_n(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n)`$ also vanishes. On the other hand, when $`n=1`$, all the solutions of (12) are $`R_n(x)=\lambda x`$, where $`\lambda 𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]`$.

Therefore the only solutions to equation (10) are such that if $`n>1`$,

$$\underset{\alpha }{}P_\alpha ^{(n)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n)Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(y_1,\mathrm{},y_n)$$

is zero, and $`_\alpha P_\alpha ^{(1)}(x_1)Q_\alpha ^{(1)}(y_1)`$ is of the form $`\lambda x_1y_1`$, with $`\lambda 𝕂[[\mathrm{}]]`$. This solution corresponds to the assignment

(15)
$$𝔞\rho _𝔞=\lambda \mathrm{id}_𝔞.$$

So all assignments of $`(𝔞\rho _𝔞)`$ of $`𝒢_0(𝕂)`$ necessarily have the form (15). The necessary and sufficient condition for an assignment of the form (15) to actually belong to $`𝒢_0(𝕂)`$ is that $`\lambda (1+\mathrm{}𝕂[[\mathrm{}]])`$. This ends the proof of Theorem 1.1. ∎

###### Remark 3.

It is much simpler to prove Theorem 1.1 by noting that each homogeneous component of the right hand side of equation (7) is antisymmetric in its two last tensor factors. However, the techniques of the above proof will again be used in next proofs.

## 3. Proofs of Theorem 1.2 and Proposition 1.1

### 3.1. Proof of Theorem 1.2

Let $`(𝔞\lambda _𝔞)`$ be an element of $`𝒟`$. According to the ‘non-$`\mathrm{}`$-adically completed’ version of Proposition 2.1, $`(𝔞\lambda _𝔞)`$ is the image by $`i`$ of an element $`q`$ of $`_{n|n1}(FL_nFL_n)_{𝔖_n}`$. Let us write $`q`$ as follows

$$q=\underset{n|n1}{}\underset{\alpha }{}P_n^{(\alpha )}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n)Q_n^{(\alpha )}(y_1,\mathrm{},y_n);$$

then in the same way as identity (7), one shows that

(16) $`{\displaystyle \underset{n|n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}[P_\alpha ^{(n)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n),x]Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(y_1,\mathrm{},y_n)y`$
$`[P_\alpha ^{(n)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n),x]yQ_\alpha ^{(n)}(y_1,\mathrm{},y_n)`$
$`={\displaystyle \underset{n|n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}P_\alpha ^{(n)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n)x[y,Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(y_1,\mathrm{},y_n)]`$
$`+P_\alpha ^{(n)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n)[x,Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(y_1,\mathrm{},y_n)]y`$
holds in $`F^{(abb)}`$. Applying the Lie bracket to the two last tensor factors of this identity, we get

(17) $`2{\displaystyle \underset{n|n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}[P_\alpha ^{(n)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n),x][Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(y_1,\mathrm{},y_n),y]`$
$`={\displaystyle \underset{n|n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{k=1}{\overset{n}{}}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}P_\alpha ^{(n)}(x_1,\mathrm{},[x,x_k],\mathrm{},x_n)Q_\alpha ^{(n)}(y_1,\mathrm{},[y,y_k]\mathrm{},y_n).`$
Let us separate the homogeneous components of this equation, and let us denote by $`R_n^{}`$ the element of $`FL_n`$ such that the identity $`R_n^{}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n)y_1\mathrm{}y_n=_\alpha P_\alpha ^{}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n)Q_\alpha ^{}(y_1,\mathrm{},y_n)`$ holds in $`(FL_nFA_n)_{𝔖_n}`$. Then $`R_n^{}`$ satisfies the identity

(18)
$$[R_n^{}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n),x_{n+1}][R_n^{}(x_2,\mathrm{},x_{n+1}),x_1]=\underset{k=1}{\overset{n}{}}R_n^{}(x_1,\mathrm{},[x_k,x_{k+1}],\mathrm{},x_{n+1})$$

in $`FL_{n+1}`$.

If $`n=1`$, then (18) implies that $`R_n^{}=0`$. If $`n=2`$, then the solutions of (18) are of the form $`R_n^{}(x,y)=\lambda [x,y]`$, where $`\lambda `$ is any scalar.

Let us assume that $`n>2`$. We will show that the only solution to (18) is $`R_n^{}=0`$.

Let us proceed as above and introduce the elements $`R_i^{(n)}`$ of $`FA_{n1}`$ ($`i=1,\mathrm{},n`$), such that

$$R_n^{}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_n)=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{}}x_iR_i^{(n)}(x_1,\mathrm{},x_{i1},x_{i+1},\mathrm{},x_n).$$

Let us select in (18) the terms ‘starting with $`x_1`$’. We obtain

(19) $`R_n^{(1)}(x_2,\mathrm{},x_n)x_{n+1}+R_n^{}(x_2,\mathrm{},x_{n+1})`$
$`=x_2R_n^{(1)}(x_3,\mathrm{},x_{n+1})+{\displaystyle \underset{i=2}{\overset{n}{}}}R_n^{(1)}(x_2,\mathrm{},[x_i,x_{i+1}],\mathrm{},x_{n+1}).`$
There exists unique scalars $`\lambda `$ and $`(\lambda _{ij})_{2i<jn}`$, such that

$`R_n^{}(x_2,\mathrm{},x_n)=\lambda x_2\mathrm{}x_n+{\displaystyle \underset{2i<jn}{}}x_2\mathrm{}x_{i1}[x_i,x_j]x_{i+1}\mathrm{}x_{j1}x_{j+1}\mathrm{}x_n`$
$`+\mathrm{terms}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{degree}<n2`$
(the degree is with respect to the enveloping algebra filtration of $`𝒜_{n1}=U(_{n1})`$). We therefore obtain the equality

(20) $`{\displaystyle \underset{i,j|2i<jn}{}}\lambda _{ij}x_2\mathrm{}x_{i1}[x_i,x_j]x_{i+1}\mathrm{}x_{j1}x_{j+1}\mathrm{}x_{n+1}`$
$`={\displaystyle \underset{i,j|2i<jn}{}}\lambda _{ij}x_2\mathrm{}x_i[x_{i+1},x_{j+1}]x_{i+2}\mathrm{}x_jx_{j+2}\mathrm{}x_{n+1}`$
$`+\lambda {\displaystyle \underset{i=2}{\overset{n}{}}}x_2\mathrm{}x_{i1}[x_i,x_{i+1}]x_{i+2}\mathrm{}x_{n+1}`$
modulo terms of degree $`\mathrm{max}(1,n2)`$, which is $`n2`$ by assumption on $`n`$.

###### Lemma 3.1.

If $`R_n^{}0`$, then $`\lambda 0`$.

Proof. Let $`d`$ be the degree of $`R_n^{(1)}`$ for the enveloping algebra filtration of $`𝒜_{n1}=U(_{n1})`$. If $`d=0`$, then $`R_n^{(1)}`$ is a scalar, so $`n=1`$, which we ruled out. So $`d>0`$. Let us denote by $`\overline{R_1^{(n)}}`$ the image of $`R_1^{(n)}`$ in the degree $`d`$ part of the associated graded of $`𝒜_{n1}`$. Then since $`R_n^{}(x_2,\mathrm{},x_{n+1})`$ has degree $`1d`$ , and $`R_n^{(1)}(x_2,\mathrm{},[x_i,x_{i+1}],\mathrm{},x_{n+1})`$ has degree $`d`$, the image of (19) in the degree $`d+1`$ part of the associated graded of $`𝒜_{n1}`$ yields

$$\overline{R_1^{(n)}}(x_2,\mathrm{},x_n)x_{n+1}=x_2\overline{R_1^{(n)}}(x_3,\mathrm{},x_{n+1}).$$

Therefore $`x_2`$ divides $`\overline{R_1^{(n)}}(x_2,\mathrm{},x_n)`$, and an induction as above shows that there exists a scalar $`\alpha `$ such that

$$\overline{R_1^{(n)}}(x_2,\mathrm{},x_n)=\alpha \times \mathrm{class}\mathrm{of}x_2\mathrm{}x_n.$$

Since $`\overline{R_1^{(n)}}`$ cannot be zero, $`\alpha `$ is not equal to zero. On the other hand, we have necessarily $`\alpha =\lambda `$, so $`\lambda 0`$. ∎

Let us assume that $`R_n^{}0`$. We have seen that then $`\lambda 0`$. On the other hand, the image of (20) in the associated graded of $`𝒜_{n1}`$ implies the equalities

$$\lambda _{23}=\lambda ,\lambda _{34}\lambda _{23}=\lambda ,\mathrm{},\lambda _{n1,n}\lambda _{n2,n1}=\lambda ,\lambda _{n1,n}=\lambda .$$

Summing up these equalities, we get $`(n1)\lambda =0`$, so $`\lambda =0`$, a contradiction. Therefore $`R_n^{}=0`$. It follows that $`q`$ is homogeneous of degree $`2`$, and is therefore proportional to $`[x_1,x_2][y_1,y_2]`$. This ends the proof of the first part of Theorem 1.2 on universal derivations.

Let us prove the statement on universal coderivations. Assume that $`𝔞\lambda _𝔞`$ is a universal coderivation. Then the assignment $`𝔞(\lambda _𝔞^{})^t`$ is a universal derivation. We have shown that a universal derivation is necessarily proportional to $`u_𝔞=[,]_𝔞\delta _𝔞`$. Since $`(u_𝔞^{})^t=u_𝔞`$, any universal coderivation is also proportional to $`𝔞u_𝔞`$. This implies the second part of Theorem 1.2.

### 3.2. Proof of Proposition 1.1

We have shown that any functorial assignement $`(𝔠\lambda _𝔠)`$, where for each object $`𝔠`$ of $`\mathrm{LCA}`$, $`\lambda _𝔠`$ is a derivation of $`F(𝔠)`$, is provided by an element $`q=(q_n)_{n1}`$ of $`_{n|n1}(FL_nFL_n)_{𝔖_n}`$. More precisely, $`\lambda _𝔠`$ is uniquely determined by its restriction to $`𝔠`$, which has the form (if $`𝔠`$ is finite-dimensional)

$$\lambda _𝔠(x)=\underset{n1}{}\underset{\alpha }{}\underset{i_1,\mathrm{},i_nI}{}x,S_\alpha ^{(n)}(b_{i_1},\mathrm{},b_{i_n})R_\alpha ^{(n)}(a_{i_1},\mathrm{},a_{i_n}),$$

where $`q_n`$ is the class of $`_\alpha R_\alpha ^{(n)}S_\alpha ^{(n)}`$ and we write the canonical element of $`𝔠𝔠^{}`$ as $`_{iI}a_ib_i`$.

Since $`\lambda _𝔠`$ is a coderivation, it satisfies the identity

(21)
$$\delta _{F(𝔠)}\lambda _𝔠(x)=(\lambda _𝔠\mathrm{id}+\mathrm{id}\lambda _𝔠)\delta _𝔠(x)$$

for any $`x𝔠`$.

Let us denote by $`\mathrm{ad}^{}`$ the coadjoint action of $`𝔠^{}`$ on $`𝔠`$. For any $`x𝔠`$, we have $`\delta _𝔠(x)=_{iI}a_i\mathrm{ad}^{}(b_i)(x)`$. Then

$`(\lambda _𝔠\mathrm{id})\delta _𝔠(x)`$
$`={\displaystyle \underset{n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{i^{},i_1,\mathrm{},i_nI}{}}a_i^{},S_\alpha ^{(n)}(b_{i_1},\mathrm{},b_{i_n})R_\alpha ^{(n)}(a_{i_1},\mathrm{},a_{i_n})\mathrm{ad}^{}(b_i^{})(x)`$
$`={\displaystyle \underset{n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{i^{},i_1,\mathrm{},i_nI}{}}R_\alpha ^{(n)}(a_{i_1},\mathrm{},a_{i_n})\mathrm{ad}^{}\left(S_\alpha ^{(n)}(b_{i_1},\mathrm{},b_{i_n})\right)(a_i^{})x,b_i^{}.`$
On the other hand, if we again denote by $`\mathrm{ad}^{}`$ the action of $`𝔠^{}`$ on $`F(𝔠)`$ induced by the coadjoint action of $`𝔠^{}`$ on $`𝔠`$, we have

$$\delta _{F(𝔠)}\lambda _𝔠(x)=\underset{n1}{}\underset{\alpha }{}\underset{i^{},i_1,\mathrm{},i_nI}{}a_i^{}\mathrm{ad}^{}(b_i^{})\left(R_\alpha ^{(n)}(a_{i_1},\mathrm{},a_{i_n})\right)x,S_\alpha ^{(n)}(b_{i_1},\mathrm{},b_{i_n}).$$

Identity (21) therefore implies

$`{\displaystyle \underset{n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{i^{},i_1,\mathrm{},i_nI}{}}a_i^{}\mathrm{ad}^{}(b_i^{})\left(R_\alpha ^{(n)}(a_{i_1},\mathrm{},a_{i_n})\right)S_\alpha ^{(n)}(b_{i_1},\mathrm{},b_{i_n})`$
$`={\displaystyle \underset{n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{i^{},i_1,\mathrm{},i_nI}{}}R_\alpha ^{(n)}(a_{i_1},\mathrm{},a_{i_n})\mathrm{ad}^{}\left(S_\alpha ^{(n)}(b_{i_1},\mathrm{},b_{i_n})\right)(a_i^{})b_i^{}`$
$`\mathrm{ad}^{}\left(S_\alpha ^{(n)}(b_{i_1},\mathrm{},b_{i_n})\right)(a_i^{})R_\alpha ^{(n)}(a_{i_1},\mathrm{},a_{i_n})b_i^{}.`$
Let us assume that $`𝔠`$ is a Lie bialgebra. Then there is a unique Lie algebra morphism $`\alpha _𝔠`$ from $`F(𝔠)`$ to $`𝔠`$, extending the identity on $`𝔠`$. The image of this identity by $`\alpha _𝔠\alpha _𝔠\mathrm{id}`$ is the identity in $`D(𝔠)D(𝔠)𝔠^{}`$ (where both sides belongs to $`𝔠𝔠𝔠^{}`$)

$`{\displaystyle \underset{n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{i^{},i_1,\mathrm{},i_nI}{}}a_i^{}[b_i^{},R_\alpha ^{(n)}(a_{i_1},\mathrm{},a_{i_n})]S_\alpha ^{(n)}(b_{i_1},\mathrm{},b_{i_n})`$
$`+[a_i^{},R_\alpha ^{(n)}(a_{i_1},\mathrm{},a_{i_n})]b_i^{}S_\alpha ^{(n)}(b_{i_1},\mathrm{},b_{i_n})`$
$`={\displaystyle \underset{n1}{}}{\displaystyle \underset{\alpha }{}}{\displaystyle \underset{i^{},i_1,\mathrm{},i_nI}{}}R_\alpha ^{(n)}(a_{i_1},\mathrm{},a_{i_n})a_i^{}[S_\alpha ^{(n)}(b_{i_1},\mathrm{},b_{i_n}),b_i^{}]`$
$`+a_i^{}R_\alpha ^{(n)}(a_{i_1},\mathrm{},a_{i_n})[S_\alpha ^{(n)}(b_{i_1},\mathrm{},b_{i_n}),b_i^{}];`$
this identity holds only due to the fact that $`_{iI}a_ib_i`$ is a solution of CYBE, so it holds at the universal level. It means that $`q^{(21)}`$ satisfies (16). The proof of Theorem 1.2 then implies that $`q`$ is homogeneous of degree $`2`$, which is the conclusion of Proposition 1.1.

### 3.3. Proof of Proposition 1.2

Let $`P=(P_n)_{n1}`$ be an element of $`𝒢(𝕂)`$, such that $`PB=B`$. Multiplying $`P`$ by the suitable power of $`S_B^2`$, we may assume that $`P_2=0`$. The neutral element of $`𝒢(𝕂)`$ is the sequence $`e=(e_n)_{n1}`$, where $`e_i=0`$ for $`i2`$. Assume that $`P`$ is not equal to $`e`$ and let $`k`$ be the smallest index such that $`P_k0`$. Then $`k3`$.

Let us denote by $`\mathrm{\Delta }_0`$ the usual (undeformed) coproduct of $`T(𝔠)[[\mathrm{}]]`$, and by $`\mathrm{\Delta }_1`$ the first jet of its deformation: so $`\mathrm{\Delta }_1`$ is the unique map from $`T(𝔠)[[\mathrm{}]]`$ to $`T(𝔠)^2[[\mathrm{}]]`$, such that $`\mathrm{\Delta }_{1|𝔠}=\delta _𝔠`$ and $`\mathrm{\Delta }_1(xy)=\mathrm{\Delta }_0(x)\mathrm{\Delta }_1(y)+\mathrm{\Delta }_1(x)\mathrm{\Delta }_0(y)`$ for any pair $`x,y`$ of elements of $`T(𝔠)[[\mathrm{}]]`$.

Then we have the identities

$$\mathrm{\Delta }_0(\delta _𝔠^{(P_k)}(x))=\delta _𝔠^{(P_k)}(x)1+1\delta _𝔠^{(P_k)}(x),$$

and

$$\mathrm{\Delta }_0(\delta _𝔠^{(P_{k+1})}(x))+\mathrm{\Delta }_1(\delta _𝔠^{(P_k)}(x))=\delta _𝔠^{(P_{k+1})}(x)1+1\delta _𝔠^{(P_{k+1})}(x)+(\delta _𝔠^{(P_k)}\mathrm{id}+\mathrm{id}\delta _𝔠^{(P_k)})\delta _𝔠(x).$$

The first identity means that $`\delta _𝔠^{(P_k)}(x)`$ is actually contained in $`F(𝔠)`$. Let us expand $`P_k`$ in the form $`P_k=_{\sigma 𝔖_k}P_{k,\sigma }x_{\sigma (1)}\mathrm{}x_{\sigma (k)}`$, then this means that $`P_k=_{\sigma 𝔖_k}P_{k,\sigma ^1}x_{\sigma (1)}\mathrm{}x_{\sigma (k)}`$ also belongs to $`FL_k[[\mathrm{}]]`$. Therefore the class of $`_{\sigma 𝔖_k}P_{k,\sigma }x_{\sigma (1)}\mathrm{}x_{\sigma (k)}y_1\mathrm{}y_k`$ in $`(FA_nFA_n)_{𝔖_n}`$ actually belongs to $`(FL_nFL_n)_{𝔖_n}`$.

In the second identity, the first and last terms are antisymmetric, while the others are symmetric. It follows that

$$\mathrm{\Delta }_1(\delta _𝔠^{(P_k)}(x))=(\delta _𝔠^{(P_k)}\mathrm{id}+\mathrm{id}\delta _𝔠^{(P_k)})\delta _𝔠(x).$$

Let us denote by $`\delta _{F(𝔠)}`$ the extension of $`\delta _𝔠`$ to a cocycle map from $`F(𝔠)`$ to $`^2F(𝔠)`$. Then the restriction of $`\mathrm{\Delta }_1`$ to $`F(𝔠)`$ coincides with $`\delta _{F(𝔠)}`$, so

$$\delta _{F(𝔠)}\delta _𝔠^{(P_k)}(x)=(\delta _𝔠^{(P_k)}\mathrm{id}+\mathrm{id}\delta _𝔠^{(P_k)})\delta _𝔠(x).$$

for any $`x𝔠`$. So $`\delta _𝔠^{(P_k)}`$ satisfies identity (21). Since $`k3`$, the proof of Proposition 1.1 implies that $`\delta _𝔠^{(P_k)}=0`$, so $`P_k=0`$, a contradiction. This proves Proposition 1.2.

### Acknowledgements

I would like to thank P. Etingof and C. Reutenauer for discussions related to this work.