




"""simple docstring"""


import random



def 	lowercase_				(			__UpperCAmelCase    ,		__UpperCAmelCase    ,		__UpperCAmelCase				)						->    Tuple:
      lowerCAmelCase__      :			List[Any]   =	a[left_index]
      lowerCAmelCase__      :			Union[str, Any]   =	left_index + 1
      for j in range(left_index + 1    ,		__UpperCAmelCase				):
            if a[j] < pivot:
                  lowerCAmelCase__      :			List[Any]   =	a[i], a[j]
                  i += 1
      lowerCAmelCase__      :			Optional[Any]   =	a[i - 1], a[left_index]
      return i - 1



def 	lowercase_				(			__UpperCAmelCase    ,		__UpperCAmelCase    ,		__UpperCAmelCase				)						->    Any:
      if left < right:
            lowerCAmelCase__      :			Any   =	random.randint(__UpperCAmelCase    ,		right - 1				)
            lowerCAmelCase__      :			Optional[Any]   =	(
                a[left],
                a[pivot],
            )  # switches the pivot with the left most bound
            lowerCAmelCase__      :			Optional[Any]   =	partition(__UpperCAmelCase    ,		__UpperCAmelCase    ,		__UpperCAmelCase				)
            quick_sort_random(
                __UpperCAmelCase    ,		__UpperCAmelCase    ,		__UpperCAmelCase				)  # recursive quicksort to the left of the pivot point
            quick_sort_random(
                __UpperCAmelCase    ,		pivot_index + 1    ,		__UpperCAmelCase				)  # recursive quicksort to the right of the pivot point



def 	lowercase_				(			)						->    Dict:
      lowerCAmelCase__      :			List[str]   =	input("""Enter numbers separated by a comma:\n"""				).strip()
      lowerCAmelCase__      :			int   =	[int(__UpperCAmelCase				) for item in user_input.split(""","""				)]

      quick_sort_random(__UpperCAmelCase    ,		0    ,		len(__UpperCAmelCase				)				)

      print(__UpperCAmelCase				)


if __name__ == "__main__":
  main()











"""simple docstring"""


def 	lowercase_				(			__UpperCAmelCase				)						->    str:
      if not all(char in """01""" for char in bin_string				):
            raise ValueError("""Non-binary value was passed to the function"""				)
      if not bin_string:
            raise ValueError("""Empty string was passed to the function"""				)
      lowerCAmelCase__      :			List[str]   =	""""""
      while len(__UpperCAmelCase				) % 3 != 0:
            lowerCAmelCase__      :			Optional[Any]   =	"""0""" + bin_string
      lowerCAmelCase__      :			List[Any]   =	[
          bin_string[index : index + 3]
          for index in range(len(__UpperCAmelCase				)				)
          if index % 3 == 0
      ]
      for bin_group in bin_string_in_3_list:
            lowerCAmelCase__      :			Optional[int]   =	0
            for index, val in enumerate(__UpperCAmelCase				):
                  oct_val += int(2 ** (2 - index) * int(__UpperCAmelCase				)				)
            oct_string += str(__UpperCAmelCase				)
      return oct_string


if __name__ == "__main__":
  from doctest import testmod

  testmod()





